Easter is an integral part of spring, and it is associated with the tradition of a 40-day fast. However, it is not only Christian holidays that call for temporary fasting. We can also find the tradition of fasting, for example, in Judaism or during the Islamic month of Ramadan. Fasting can thus act as a catalyst for spiritual growth. But what does it do to our bodies and, above all, to the human brain?
The Benefits of Fasting for the Body
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It regulates blood sugar levels, which helps prevent diabetes—a condition that affects 10% of the population in the Czech Republic—
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combats chronic inflammation in the body,
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improves blood pressure and lowers “bad” cholesterol levels, which greatly benefits the heart,
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releases hormones that accelerate metabolism, aid in weight loss, and support the proper growth of new tissues,
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delays aging, thereby promoting longevity,
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helps prevent cancer,
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improves certain cognitive functions and overall brain function.
Fasting and the Brain
Moderate fasting also has a beneficial effect on cognitive brain functions, as confirmed by numerous studies.
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In a study on mice{{icon|key=outbound}}, it was found that mice that underwent 11 months of intermittent fasting showed improved learning ability and memory.
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Another study{{icon|key=outbound}} on rodents demonstrated that fasting results in significantly less loss of brain cells. Every adult brain has a portion of neurons capable of continuing to multiply, and diet can influence the future survival of these cells.
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As mentioned earlier, fasting has an anti-inflammatory effect on the body. And it is inflammation that, in extreme cases, can lead to neurodegenerative changes in the brain. Research{{icon|key=outbound}} has shown that reducing calorie intake by 40% combined with intermittent fasting has a positive effect on the cognitive capacity of the aging population (though, again, this was research conducted on rodents).
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A study in humans showed{{icon|key=outbound}} that a 48-hour fast improved multitasking ability and cognitive flexibility.
Nothing should be overdone
It should be noted, however, that not all fasting is the same. Milder forms of fasting are generally considered a healthy practice. For example, fasting as part of a normal day, where we deprive the body of food for 6–12 hours and, apart from this break, eat in a normal (meaning moderate and reasonable) manner. Fasting can, however, last considerably longer—typically 24–72 hours—during which time one should ideally drink only plain water. In this case, it’s important to prepare the body for this fast by reducing calorie intake and, once the fast is over, to return to a normal diet only gradually.
Of course, there are also people who fast on water for much longer periods (weeks at a time), but it’s important to remember that you shouldn’t overdo it. If your body gives a clear signal that fasting isn’t right for you, simply don’t force yourself to do it. Also, if you already suffer from a serious medical condition (such as diabetes or heart disease), it’s always necessary to consult a doctor.
In any case, if you feel up to fasting, don’t forget to drink plenty of fluids and eat a balanced and varied diet when you’re not fasting. It’s also advisable to avoid strenuous physical work while fasting. It’s best to stay as calm and relaxed as possible.
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